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Mohamed Salih, Special to Addis Standard

Three distinct notions of politicized Islam dominate the landscape of the Islamic World. The first is political Islam, which underpins the conceptual edifice, ethos, norms and messages as well as meanings of Islam as a political ideology. The second is Islamic political parties that represent the institutional manifestation, the vehicle or an instrument through which political Islam expresses itself. Here political Islam exhibits the institutional and practical manifestation of diverse strands of political parties which can be radical or moderate. And third, Islamic political parties which are extremist or radical Jihadist in nature such as ISIS (operating in Syria and Iraq), Al Shabab (Somalia and Kenya), Al-Qaeda (in the Islamic Maghreb (AGIM) and the Arabian Peninsula (Yemen, Saudi Arabia and Iraq) and Boko Haram, in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad and Niger.

The established and comprehensive health program called Health Extension Program, HEP, aims to improve the access to health care for women and children in Ethiopia. According to Tesfay Gebrehiwot, some of the results of the program are clearly improved coordination of prenatal care, delivery care and postnatal care of women and children in particularly deprived areas. He defended his thesis on Friday 24 April at Umeå University, Sweden.

 
“No women should have to die because of pregnancy or in childbirth. Even though the challenges of cultural traditions, poverty, low education levels and unavailability of transportstill remainand hamperthe access to care, my thesis shows that comprehensive efforts like this can be of crucial importance in the work with improving the maternity and child health care in developing countries”, says Tesfay Gebrehiwot, PhD student at the Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, the Epidemiology and Global Health unit, at Umeå University.